Breaking Barriers: Navigating Autism Awareness in Nigeria

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By Cecilia Attah

In recent times, there has been a growing concern surrounding the increasing prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the globe, including in both underdeveloped and developing societies. ASD is a complex neurological condition that significantly impacts an individual’s social interactions, communication abilities, and behaviour.

Several countries have responded to this concern by enacting legislation mandating early diagnosis and intervention, offering free and suitable services and education for children with autism, fostering acceptance and inclusion within mainstream schools, and training teachers on best practices for tailored education plans. These efforts have been ongoing since the mid-20th century, with the United States taking strides in the 1940s and South Africa establishing its first school for autistic learners in 1970, setting examples for others to follow.

However, despite the global prevalence of ASD, in Nigeria, in particular, there exists a significant lack of awareness about autism, giving rise to misconceptions and stigmatization. Many individuals still believe that autism is caused by supernatural or spiritual factors, viewing them as burdens or punishments rather than recognizing it as a neurological condition, and governments have made limited efforts to enhance their quality of life.

Blessing Moses, a mother of an autistic child, highlights the dire situation in Nigeria. She shares her experience of early diagnosis for her child and underscores the alarmingly low awareness and prevailing ignorance of autism in Nigeria.

Many continue to view autism as a form of mental illness, subjecting affected individuals to derogatory labels.

In her words, ‘Awareness of autism in Nigeria is very low. Even some parents with autistic kids are not aware that their kids have autism, and people call it mental illness, “mad person,” or “head no correct.

This profound lack of awareness not only hinders those with ASD but also places substantial burdens on their families and communities, leading to discrimination and exclusion.

Like several other nations, Nigeria faces challenges in dealing with various opinions and convictions regarding ASD that are shaped by cultural, social, and religious aspects. While global awareness and understanding of autism have been steadily increasing, much work remains to be done to promote acceptance and support for individuals with ASD and their families.

In the words of Blessing Moses, “Inclusion is key; we need to accept this new variation of humans because they are only different, not sick, for the government, it is their duty to create policies that foster inclusion.”

Misconceptions and a lack of knowledge about autism persist in Nigerian society, as in many other societies. Some people remain unaware of the symptoms and characteristics of autism, resulting in misunderstandings and stigmatization. At times, autism is attributed to witchcraft, leading to traditional or faith-based approaches to treatment.

Nonetheless, countless individuals and organizations in Nigeria tirelessly work to raise awareness about autism and provide support to affected individuals and their families. Advocacy groups, healthcare professionals, and parents of children with autism actively promote understanding and acceptance of autism within Nigerian communities. Blessing Moses recommends the Warriors of Autism Foundation for their commendable work in offering therapy, education, and other valuable resources.

Despite these efforts, there is still a long road ahead in improving overall awareness and understanding of autism in Nigeria. It remains crucial to continue raising awareness, providing education, and advocating for the rights of individuals with autism to foster a more inclusive society.

With all this effort underway by NGOs, according to research, there are limited specific policies or widespread government support programs dedicated exclusively to autism in Nigeria.

Blessing Moses affirmed this, stating that during her years of caring for her child, there have been no government policies addressing autism.

It is to this end that Experts and specialists have called on the government to establish infrastructure, enact legislation, and formulate policies to support the well-being of individuals living with autism.

It is imperative to note that attitudes toward autism vary widely among individuals and communities within Nigeria. While some are well-informed and accepting, others still hold stigmatizing beliefs. The ongoing efforts to enhance education and awareness about autism and to promote inclusive policies and practices can create a more accepting and supportive environment for individuals with autism in Nigeria and worldwide.

Presently, there is no known cure for autism, but early intervention and appropriate treatment can significantly help individuals with autism lead fulfilling lives. In Nigeria, available treatment options for autism include behavioural therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and medication.

Addressing the lack of awareness surrounding autism in Nigeria transcends social justice, it is a fundamental human rights issue. Every individual, regardless of their neurological condition, deserves acceptance, understanding, and support from society.

The fight against autism stigma is a collective responsibility, so Individuals, communities, and the government must work hand in hand to create a more inclusive Nigeria.

By raising awareness, dismantling stigma, dispelling myths, improving access to services, and fostering cultural acceptance, Nigeria can pave the way for a more inclusive future where autistic individuals can thrive and contribute meaningfully to society. It is a collective responsibility to ensure that no one is left behind due to ignorance and prejudice.

A society that embraces its diversities is a society that truly prospers.

 

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